Valproic Acid

Valproic acid (Depakote, Depakene) increases levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the brain, giving it broad efficacy across multiple seizure types, as well as mood-stabilizing and migraine-preventive effects. It is FDA-approved for the treatment of various seizure disorders, manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder, and for the prophylaxis of migraine headaches. Valproic acid carries boxed warnings for hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, and significant risk of fetal malformations and reduced IQ when used during pregnancy, so it is generally avoided in women of childbearing potential unless no other options are suitable; periodic liver function and serum level monitoring is recommended.